Joseph Espiritu

I. What every physician needs to know. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder, characterized by recurrent complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. It is typically characterized by fragmented sleep from arousals due to respiratory events and oxygen desaturations and may result in neurocognitive dysfunction, cardiovascular comorbidities,…

Lung Abscess Primary lung abscess is a collection of pus-containing material due to a polymicrobial infection, most commonly occurring after aspiration of bacteria-containing material into the lung parenchyma, resulting in a necrotic lesion with air-fluid levels. Lung abscesses can be classified in three different ways: Chronicity: Acute (< 6 weeks) vs chronic (> 6 weeks);…