At A Glance The features of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (DI) include: polyuria inappropriately dilute urine hypernatremia and hyperosmolality, if water restricted increased plasma vasopressin, despite dilute urine no response to exogenous vasopressin DI is the inability to concentrate urine because of lack of action of vasopressin. DI may be a consequence of vasopressin deficiency (Central…
At a Glance The features of primary polydipsia include: an increased desire to imbibe fluid a tendency to hyponatremia and hypo-osmolality when fluid intake is excessively high polyuria, with an appropriate hypo-osmolar urine appropriate suppression of plasma vasopressin fluid restriction restoring fluid balance Primary polydipsia is a state of markedly increased fluid intake in the…
At a Glance The features of Hypothalamic (Central) Diabetes Insipidus (DI) include: polyuria inappropriately dilute urine hypernatremia and hyperosmolality if water-restricted deficient plasma vasopressin water-balance restored by exogenous vasopressin Diabetes Insipidus (DI) is the inability to concentrate urine due to lack of action of vasopressin. Diabetes insipidus may be a consequence of vasopressin deficiency (Central…
At a Glance Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is characterized by hyponateremia and hypo-osmolality in the setting of an inappropriately concentrated urine specimen. The condition (as the name suggests) is produced by excessive action of vasopressin, thereby reducing the ability of the kidneys to excrete free water. This results in excessive dilution of…
At a Glance A patient with type 2 diabetes and abdominal obesity may have other physical signs and abnormal laboratory findings that point toward an increased risk of coronary artery disease and increased morbidity/mortality. These may include dyslipidemia, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (including findings consistent with steatohepatitis) and hyperuricemia. All of these features are…
