Mitral stenosis Related condition Predominantly caused by rheumatic heart disease (RHD), though up to 50% of patients will have no knowledge of previous RHD. 1. Description of the problem Mitral stenosis rates are declining in the Western world, though it remains a significant problem in the developing world because of RHD. The stenotic valves cause…
Aortic Stenosis Synonyms Aortic stenosis Aortic sclerosisContinue Reading Subvalvular aortic stenosis Supravalvular disease 1. Description of the problem Aortic stenosis (AS) is most common valvular disease. ~2% of people over the age of 65, 3% of people over age 75, and 4% of people over age 85 have the disorder. There are three primary causes…
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in a cardiac surgery patient Also known as: SVT, which incorporates supraventricular arrhythmias (SVA) Paroxysmal SVT, a subset of SVTs commonly used to describe those with a sudden or paroxysmal onset, such as AV nodal re-entrant tachycardias (AVNRT), AV re-entrant tachycardias (AVRT), and atrial tachycardias Atrial arrhythmias: this includes atrial fibrillation, atrial…
Supraventricular tachycardia (non-cardiac surgery) Also known as: SVT, which incorporates supraventricular arrhythmias (SVA) Paroxysmal SVT, a subset of SVTs commonly used to describe those with a sudden or paroxysmal onset, such as AV nodal re-entrant tachycardias (AVNRT), AV re-entrant tachycardias (AVRT), and atrial tachycardias Atrial arrhythmias Related to: Sinus tachycardia Atrial fibrillation Atrial flutter (macro-re-entrant…
Critical Care of the Cardiothoracic Surgery Patient Potential postoperative complications in cardiothoracic surgery patients include: Continue Reading Cardiac arrhythmias Postoperative bleeding Acute kidney injury (AKI) Low-cardiac output Related conditions: Atrial fibrillation Supraventricular tachycardia Ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation Cardiac tamponade Coagulopathy 1. Description of the problem Arrhythmias: Up to one third of cardiothoracic surgery patients develop supraventricular tachycardias…
Tricuspid Incompetence (TI) Also known as: Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR) Continue Reading Related conditions Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation Right Heart Failure Pulmonary Hypertension 1. Description of the problem Physiological TI is commonly observed in patients with structurally normal hearts, with the prevalence increasing with age. Approximately 90% of cases of pathological TI are functional, due to either…
Mitral incompetence Synonym Continue Reading Mitral regurgitation (MR) 1. Description of the problem After aortic stenosis, mitral incompetence is the second most frequent valvular disease in hospitalized patients. Options for medical treatment of chronic MR remain limited. Valve repair, in the hands of an experienced surgeon, is preferred over valve replacement when the time comes…
Aortic incompetence Synonym Continue Reading Aortic regurgitation 1. Description of the problem What every clinician needs to know Aortic regurgitation (AR), also known as aortic insufficiency (AI), is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle.…
